Topic 4: Challenges of the Gig Economy. The use of information technology which enables the performance of work via apps operated by enterprises has become known as 'the gig economy'. The undertaking of work in the gig economy has disrupted the labour laws of Ontario and Canada. In particular, the gig economy has partially dismantled the boundaries between employees who are protected by our labour laws, and independent contractors who receive very little labour law protection. This course will adopt a comparative approach to studying the gig economy and labour law in Ontario and Canada, in the United Kingdom and in Australia. In these three jurisdictions whose laws are largely based on the Common Law (noting the differences in the Province of Quebec), the gig economy has caused governments, courts and tribunals to rethink the role of labour law in the 21st Century. From time to time, mention will be made of the position in the United States of America. Topic 5: International business crime will focus on Canadian law and enforcement relating to corruption and related areas such as money laundering, sanctions, procurement, fraud, and other international business matters. The course will survey the development of anti-corruption regimes by international bodies such as the World Bank and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and select foreign anti-corruption laws (e.g., U.S. and U.K.). The course will also address the fundamental building blocks of successful internal compliance policies and burgeoning issues businesses face in supply-chain management. Through case studies, students will have an opportunity to develop practical insights into internal and government investigations, case resolution, risk mitigation and compliance. Topic 6: Islamic law, unlike Roman law and the later Western law that we shall compare it to both in theory and practice, is divided into two major parts: public law and private law. Muslim jurists have generally divided rights into those set forth by God (public rights) and those of the servants of Allah (personal rights). Constitutionalism as a concept rapidly gained momentum, spreading around the world especially quickly after the Second World War. In this course, we will first explore the main tenets of Islam as a belief system. Secondly, we will examine the sources of Islamic law, especially in regards to constitutional law. These constitutional sources is where we will explore the first constitution of Islam (the Charter of Medina). Thirdly, we will embark upon a discovery of what the state is, and how this one formed in accordance with Islamic law. In this same section we will also analyze the history of the separation of powers in Islamic law. Fourthly, we will explore human rights and freedoms in Islam, including but not limited to political rights, and the rights of minorities and women. Lastly, we will conclude with the later continuation of the initial Islamic State that was the later Ottomans (1299-1922) and their own distinct practices. The course evaluations will be arranged as follows: 20 % of the grade consist of in-class participation, with the remaining 80 % consisting of a final paper of 20 pages double-spaced.
Topic 4: Challenges of the Gig Economy. The use of information technology which enables the performance of work via apps operated by enterprises has become known as 'the gig economy'. The undertaking of work in the gig economy has disrupted the labour laws of Ontario and Canada. In particular, the gig economy has partially dismantled the boundaries between employees who are protected by our labour laws, and independent contractors who receive very little labour law protection. This course will adopt a comparative approach to studying the gig economy and labour law in Ontario and Canada, in the United Kingdom and in Australia. In these three jurisdictions whose laws are largely based on the Common Law (noting the differences in the Province of Quebec), the gig economy has caused governments, courts and tribunals to rethink the role of labour law in the 21st Century. From time to time, mention will be made of the position in the United States of America. Topic 5: International business crime will focus on Canadian law and enforcement relating to corruption and related areas such as money laundering, sanctions, procurement, fraud, and other international business matters. The course will survey the development of anti-corruption regimes by international bodies such as the World Bank and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and select foreign anti-corruption laws (e.g., U.S. and U.K.). The course will also address the fundamental building blocks of successful internal compliance policies and burgeoning issues businesses face in supply-chain management. Through case studies, students will have an opportunity to develop practical insights into internal and government investigations, case resolution, risk mitigation and compliance. Topic 6: Islamic law, unlike Roman law and the later Western law that we shall compare it to both in theory and practice, is divided into two major parts: public law and private law. Muslim jurists have generally divided rights into those set forth by God (public rights) and those of the servants of Allah (personal rights). Constitutionalism as a concept rapidly gained momentum, spreading around the world especially quickly after the Second World War. In this course, we will first explore the main tenets of Islam as a belief system. Secondly, we will examine the sources of Islamic law, especially in regards to constitutional law. These constitutional sources is where we will explore the first constitution of Islam (the Charter of Medina). Thirdly, we will embark upon a discovery of what the state is, and how this one formed in accordance with Islamic law. In this same section we will also analyze the history of the separation of powers in Islamic law. Fourthly, we will explore human rights and freedoms in Islam, including but not limited to political rights, and the rights of minorities and women. Lastly, we will conclude with the later continuation of the initial Islamic State that was the later Ottomans (1299-1922) and their own distinct practices. The course evaluations will be arranged as follows: 20 % of the grade consist of in-class participation, with the remaining 80 % consisting of a final paper of 20 pages double-spaced.
